Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) is a small molecule produced in humans primarily by the gut liver axis and has become an important biomarker, and possible mediator, of cardiometabolic and renal disease. Dietary choline, phosphatidylcholine ( Frontiers Gut microbiota dependant trimethylamine N oxide and hypertension Dietary urbanization destabilizes host gut microbiome homeostasis and informs precision nutrition for human health: Cell Metabolism Dietary allicin reduces transformation of L carnitine to TMAO through impact on gut microbiota ScienceDirect From Gut to Heart: Targeting Trimethylamine N Oxide as a Novel Strategy in Heart Failure Management Food as Medicine for Hypertension: Microbiota as Mediators Hypertension